Essential Oils and Absolutes in Natural Perfumes: How Are They Obtained

By Siri Amrit Kaur Khalsa How are fragrant oils obtained from flowers? Is it true that chemicals are used to extract them? Is it safe to use these oils? The answers depend upon the oil in question. "Essential oils" are obtained through steam distillation or hydrodistillation of flowers, plants and other natural materials. A few essential oils, such as orange and grapefruit, are obtained by exerting pressure on the rinds. Some perfume oils are obtained by solvent extraction. These are called "absolutes". Hydrodistillation is the gentler process for obtaining essential oils. Plant materials are boiled in water, the resulting steam is collected and condensed, and the fragrant oils are collected from the condensation water. It's a fascinating process! Traditionally-made Indian Attars and Ruhs are hydrodistilled, but be aware that most Indian Attars today are synthetic. Steam distillation occurs at a higher temperature, because steam is hotter than boiling water. Hot steam is forced into the plant material to separate the fragrant oils. For aromatherapy and medicinal uses, steam distilled oils work fine. For perfumery however, the high temperatures can destroy the most delicate fragrance molecules, called the "top-notes". If available, hydrodistilled essential oils are sometimes preferred. Some flowers will not release their oils with either distillation method. For these flowers, solvent-extraction is used. The oils that result from solvent-extraction are called "absolutes". Absolutes are very concentrated. Because this process uses no heat, absolutes have a more complete, true-to-life aroma profile than do essential oils. High quality absolutes use high-quality solvents (such as food-grade hexane) in one part of their process. By the end of the process, the solvent traces have evaporated and are no longer noticeable. Cheap, low-quality absolutes use more toxic solvents, and this is apparent in the finished product. You can smell the solvents in a poor-quality absolute. When this absolute is diluted for perfume, you might still smell solvents, and you will absorb them into your body. Some oils, such as Lavender, come in both essential oil and absolute form. Only perfumers tend to use Lavender Absolute. It really adds a sparkle from a perfumery standpoint! The essential oil is preferred for aromatherapy. Rose is another flower that is both distilled and solvent-extracted. Rose Otto is hydrodistilled rose oil. Tons of rose petals are required to make a just a tiny amount of Rose Otto, so it is very expensive. Rose Otto is sometimes preferred for aromatherapy. Rose Absolute, while also expensive, is more common, and truer in fragrance to a real rose. Because of its more complete fragrance profile, Rose Absolute is usually preferred for perfumery. A really fine rose perfume may contain both! There is now a fourth method of extraction, called CO2 Extraction. A completely non-toxic process, CO2 extraction uses no heat or solvents. Instead, it uses pressure from natural carbon dioxide to extract the aromatic oils. The resulting products smell the closest to the original material of any essential oil or absolute. CO2 extraction is environmentally friendly for many reasons: Only a small amount of plant material is required to render a good quantity of oil. For example, dust and slivers left over from the carving of Agarwood can be used for CO2 extraction of Agarwood oil. These small particles would be useless for distillation. Also, a smaller quantity of this oil is required to produce the desired result in a perfume composition. Thus, with CO2 extraction precious resources are conserved, no toxic chemicals are used, and no fuel is burned that could contribute to the greenhouse effect. CO2 extracts cost more than distilled essential oils and absolutes, but they work beautifully for perfumery, aromatherapy and medicinal uses. Remember this though: For safety, always dilute essential oils and absolutes before using them! Many people are irritated by perfumes made with synthetic fragrance chemicals. Yet, they can enjoy perfumes made from natural essential oils and absolutes. People with mild-to-moderate Multiple Chemical Sensitivity (MCS) who are trying natural perfumes for the first time should start with simple perfumes made from essential oils. If those are well tolerated, they can then try perfumes made from absolutes and more complex ingredients. If you like fragrances but don't like synthetic chemicals, try natural perfumes made from essential oils and absolutes instead! About the Author: Siri Amrit Kaur Khalsa has Multiple Chemical Sensitivity (MCS) and survived cancer using Alternative Medicine. She started Tigerflag Natural Perfumery at http://www.tigerflag.com to give people safe and beautiful alternatives to chemically-laden perfumes, soaps and candles. Her site also serves as a resource for information about MCS. You may print or publish this article as long as you use it in its entirety, with credit to the author and Tigerflag Natural Perfumery, LLC. Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Siri_Amrit_Kaur_Khalsa http://EzineArticles.com/?Essential-Oils-and-Absolutes-in-Natural-Perfumes:-How-Are-They-Obtained&id=432632 buy phentermine free consultation
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3 Tips on How To Seduce a Woman

By Thomas Katz We all know that there is one thing men think constantly about. Yes, you guessed it right. Women. We want them to like us, to want us, and finally, we want to be irresistible to them. The problem is that not many men know how to do it. The biggest problem is that they don't even try, mostly because of the fear of being rejected. The truth is that dating the hottest women out there is possible. It is also much easier than it seems. Below, I will provide you with 3 general tips that will help you to make a good start. 1. Be self-confident. This is the most important thing, by far. Most guys think that hot girls only want hot guys. WRONG. They want guys who can come across as self-confident. They want guys who come across as guys who know what they want. Really, I cannot stress that enough. You have to believe you can get the girl. Or even if you cannot make yourself believe that, you have to show her that you actually do. 2. Compliments. Yes, it is that simple. Believe it or not, but even the most beautiful women never get tired of listening about how beautiful they are, even if they have heard it thousands of times before. Tell her how she is breath-takingly beautiful. Tell her you've never seen anybody quite so attractive (yes, that works too!). Be creative. There are so many things you could say. And believe me, it will work. 3. Know what you want. Whether you are looking for a one-night stand or a long-term relationship, you have to have a gameplan in your head. Know what you are looking for, and stick with the plan. Don't worry, it doesn't have to be an elaborate plan, you just have to have a general idea about what you are trying to achieve. Of course, there are more things that are important. But my experience has taught me that the three things I talked about above are absolutely crucial. If you master them, you will be able to proceed to some more advanced techniques. Thomas Katz has been active on the date scene of a big American city for a few years now. If you found his tips useful, you might want to visit http://www.howtoseduceladies.com, where you will be able to learn more about the art of seduction. Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Thomas_Katz http://EzineArticles.com/?3-Tips-on-How-To-Seduce-a-Woman&id=262253 non prescription phentermine 37.5
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All About Grants for College Students

By Michael Carter Grants are a type of student aid that is awarded by the government. Grants for college students do not have to be repaid. Grants are based upon financial need, as calculated by the federal aid program. The first step in applying for government grants is by completing the FAFSA. Of course every student and parent would rather receive grants instead of loans, since they do not have to be repaid. So the student hopes to see a grant award when the results are returned from the application. There are a few things to be aware of, however, when expecting a grant. The funds available for grants are limited, therefore the grant will not usually fully fund educational expenses. If the student is planning on attending a community college where tuition rates are lower, it is possible that grants will cover a greater percentage of the tuition and fees. The second thing to be aware of is that when the need analysis is done by the government or school, the expected contribution of the parent is usually higher than in reality what is possible for most families. This expected contribution effects the amount available to the student for grants. Another significant factor is that if the parent or guardian claims the student as a dependent on income tax returns, this effects the amount of aid available to the student. In general, a student who is 'independent' of the parents as far as the tax law goes, will receive more in financial aid awards. First year students may find that they receive less grant awards than they do in subsequent college years. Michael Carter is a contributor at College Financial Aid Guide, an online informational resource for educational funding, scholarships and student loans. Learn more about Federal Pell Grants and Supplemental Educational Grants Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Michael_Carter http://EzineArticles.com/?All-About-Grants-for-College-Students&id=45093 prescription phentermine without a prescription
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Aromatherapy Candles For Better Health

By Celia Namart Many people simply view aromatherapy candles as candles that make a room look and smell brighter than ordinary. But of course, a few people know better. Aromatherapy candles offer greater benefits than that and which youll learn as you read on. Common Benefits of Aromatherapy Candles Although there are many ways for aromatherapy candles to work for you, people generally rely on aromatherapy candles to provide them with the following effects: Invigoration People with busy schedules at work often have busier schedules at home. If you cant afford to catch a wink right after you get home because you need to take care of the baby, light up some aromatherapy candles that produce invigorating effects and youll feel yourself refreshed and with replenished levels of energy in no time. Relaxation If, on the other hand, what you badly need is some R & R, aromatherapy candles can help you with that as well. There are numerous types of aromatherapy candles which produce relaxing effects because of the ingredients theyre made of. One whiff of such will help your body relieve itself from stress and anxiety. Concentration There are also aromatherapy candles which actually improve a persons concentration. If youve got an important brainstorming session coming up and you desire to make a favorable impression, take the time to light a few aromatherapy candles of this type. Allow its scent to clear the cobwebs from your mind and sharpen your clarity and vision. Again, this is because of the ingredients used so make sure that you familiarize yourself with different herbs and its respective effects. Increase your herbal knowledge will help you determine the right aromatherapy candle to purchase. Atmosphere Enhancement Lastly, there are aromatherapy candles which simply make the atmosphere more conducive to whatever purposes you have in mind. If you desire to spend a romantic night alone with your husband, for instance, lighting up a few aromatherapy candles will set the right tone and mood for the night. Aromatherapy is now regarded as an alternative medicine technique and many use the aromatherapy methods every day to enhance their life style and general health, learn about aromatherapy and Aromatherapy Candles and Products at http://healthandcosmetics.com Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Celia_Namart http://EzineArticles.com/?Aromatherapy-Candles-For-Better-Health&id=417738 phentermine no prescription no doctor
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Seven Ways to Survive a Remodel (And Save Your Marriage) Tips from Pisa Design, Inc

By Lisa Peck Remodels are tough on everyone. The house is out of order,
the refrigerator is out of pudding, and the family wiener dog
is out of sorts as he searches for his food dish. To help
ease the stress of a remodel, we suggest you follow the list
of tips below. 1. Invest in "his" and "hers" robes. During a remodel, your
house in no longer your own. Everyone from Pete the
plumber to Earl the electrician walks through your home at
all hours with little regard for privacy. If you'd rather they
concentrate on the work in front of them instead of you
walking by them, we suggest you invest in some
robes-preferable terry cloth for their comfort and thickness. 2. Stuff your speed dial with take-out. Even if the kitchen isn't
part of your remodeling project, it's a good idea to create a
robust file of take-out and delivery menus from local
restaurants. Place settings and candles on a cardboard
box where your dining room table used to be aren't
motivation for anyone to prepare five-course meals. And you
never know when you may find yourself without electricity,
natural gas or water. Plus, delivery guys need the tips. 3. Get to know that guy with his name stitched to his shirt.
Prior to starting your project, kindle a relationship with your
local gas station attendant. Buying bottled water, dairy
products and using the facilities will be a much more
pleasant experience when you know the person behind the
name. You may even get a smile every now and then. 4. Know when to drop everything and run. Just as you would
for a double date with the couple across the street, devise a
plan of escape. Even the best-run projects can try your
patience and linger on with no end in sight. Tack the phone
number and picture of a close friend or favorite hotel to your
refrigerator (if you still have one). Knowing that there's an
alternate site to the natural disaster that was once your
orderly home may be all the therapy you need until the
project is completed. 5. Hold off on conversations that start with "How was your
day, honey?" Conducting heart-to-heart conversations
around the dinner table during a remodeling process is like
carpeting your bathroom-not a good idea. Even if you delay
such discussions until later in the evening, you may find it
difficult to concentrate as you gaze at the rec room through a
hole in the floor. 6. Get-togethers are great-but not at your house. Family and
friends, they mean well. But under no circumstances should
you invite anyone over before the project is complete. Wait
for the paint to dry before you break out the fondue set. Even
if she wants to view the work in progress, you know full well
Aunt Mabel is bound to say something about the entry tile
that will send you into orbit and drop you back on Earth
feeling sick to your stomach. 7. Do not open until X-Mas. You may be tempted to plan a
party or host a family holiday shortly after the anticipated
project completion date. Don't. If you thought picking out a
faucet for the master bath made you sweat, try cutting up
jicama for your party and then noticing a blotch of ceiling
paint on the backsplash. Even under the perfect conditions,
remodeling always takes longer than anticipated. There's
plenty of touch-up work required up to a month after the
tradesmen call it a wrap. And it's not like the perfect
accessories are just waiting to be snapped up at your
neighbor's garage sale. Our best advice to you is that you
plan your first party six months after the estimated project
completion date. We hope these survival tips come in handy as you plan for
your next remodeling project. If you're tired of survival tips
and are looking for someone who will offer you a wonderful
remodeling experience, hire top-notch professional interior
designers or architects who come highly recommended by
friends, family or associates. Lisa Peck and Kristen Mengelkoch are partners and
principal interior designers at Pisa Design, Inc. in
Minneapolis, Minnesota. They are experts in both remodel
and new construction residential projects. Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Lisa_Peck http://EzineArticles.com/?Seven-Ways-to-Survive-a-Remodel-(And-Save-Your-Marriage)--Tips-from-Pisa-Design,-Inc&id=4725 phentermine online no perscription
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Hair Loss the Reasons and Solutions

By John Gibb Both men and women suffer from hair loss; there is no age limit for this problem. It can start at any age. It is assumed that in men it starts at the age of early twenty, and in women it is still earlier too. And the continuous hair fall starts at the middle age. The real problem with Hair Loss is that it is very difficult to find an appropriate remedy to cure their problem. Many have a doubt about the Products sold in the Market to recover hair loss are really effective or not. Some believe in the hair loss recovery Treatments and few do not believe in such Treatments. Some people face hair loss due to Heredity, and they do not much chance to cure this type of hair loss as it is not due to any disease or deficiency. Hair loss based on genes has its own problem, and less chance to cure in both men and women. Hereditary hair loss can be from Parent or close relative or many close relatives who suffer some form of hair loss. Here it is the genetic based disease that carries the DNA with it. High stress and poor nutrition can also cause hair loss. In this case the reason cannot be heredity. Modern technology has changed the attitude of people who were skeptic regarding recovery from hair loss. If the hair loss is due to heredity there was not a chance for a cure. But now we have alternatives like Hair Transplantation and as a result of advancement in technology these look very natural. Earlier, filling hair was done by hair plugs which looked unnatural today hair transplantation surgery has made things go easy, if you are not interested in surgery you can fill the hair with non surgical procedures like hair waves. That is in this process natural or synthetic hair is woven in with your head so that it appears to be natural. You can notice sudden hair loss in women after giving birth. This is due to reduced hormones in their body. But during pregnancy there is considerable increase in growth of hair. Excess combing or brushing should be avoided during this period of hair loss. This hair loss is a temporary one. So one need not worry about treatment as it is cured automatically. Next viewing the remedy, a person has to do some research to find the available treatment for his problem. It takes a little time, because the person should first find out the main cause for the hair loss, that is whether it is due to heredity or stress and deficiency. Then he has to find out the exact remedy for his hair loss that will work best to recover form hair loss. It takes little time to complete the whole process because a person first should find out the cause, then the proper remedy that really treats the damaged hair. John Gibb is the owner of hairloss tips
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Colloidal Silver Featured in the Wall Street Journal

By [http://ezinearticles.com/?expert=James_Zeller] James Zeller The powers of colloidal silver have been heralded for thousands of years only to be quieted by penicillin and other bacteria killers conjured up in the pharmaceutical labs, given Latin names and used to fight every bacterium originated disease known to man. The results of shunning this natural nano-sized (nano = one billionth of a meter) antibiotic has been that diseases have evolved to have a resistance to the man made antibiotics and now scientist are scrambling to find replacements for the antibiotics that have survived less than 100 years. There are critics that hypothesize that the large pharmaceutical companies are pressuring the regulatory agencies to prevent nano-sized silver products from being sold directly to the public without the giants taking their cut. Websites have sold silver nanoparticles in solution known as colloidal silver without the ability to mention what the product will cure or testimonials from those that have had positive results. Wall Street Journal announces that the War Against Germs Has Silver Lining. Curad USA, makers of hospital bandages lined with nano-silver particles now has released Curad Silver Bandages for the home use instead of a Band-aid. Curad claims that silver reduced bacterial growth like Staph. aureaus, E. coli, E. hirae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Samsung Electronics has introduced a refrigerator and new laundry washing machine that uses silver ions to sanitize the laundry and eliminate 99% of odor causing bacteria (sold at Lowes and Best Buy). Plank, a Boston company, has launched a new soap for Yoga users that lists silver as the main active ingredient. The company has a toothpaste and shampoo in R&D that is imbued with silver. Asia has become the largest consumer of products that uses the nano-silver as a antimicrobial ingredient. Colloidal silver is known to kill virus, is it possible they are guarding against bird flu? While some agencies strive to prevent you from buying colloidal silver online, the EPA is clear that we NOW have silver in our drinking supply and has, for health purposes established a daily reference dose for silver in drinking water at 350 micrograms (u.g) and a critical dose at 1400 u.g. In contrast, international health bodies, such as the World Health Organization, have not established such standards for silver since its toxicity is very low. Silver becomes more active against microbes when its made into small particles because they can cover more surface area when they come into direct contact with bacteria, according to Andrew Maynard, physicist and chief scientific adviser for studies on Emerging Nanotechnologies underway at Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars in Washington. Adidas, and Polartec have licensed silver coated nylon fabric known as X-Static (Noble Biomaterials Inc.) to incorporate antimicrobial silver in athletic and outdoor clothing for their ability to kill odors and promote thermal properties. Brooks Sports sells a line (HVAC) of socks, caps and shirts that use silver to differentiate them from all others. ARC Outdoors uses silver infused fabric from NanHorizon Inc. to produce antimicrobial socks for the U.S. military. SmartSilver is brand of odor-eliminating underwear, stocking caps and gloves that kills bacteria on contact using nano-silver. ARC sells to Wal-Mart, Bass ProShops, Cabelas and wants to expand to hospital products such as sheets and surgical scrubs. Sharper Image has introduced a plastic food storage container that is infused with nano-silver particles that they claim will keep food fresher, longer. So what diseases will colloidal silver display benefits for? Bacteria and virus are known to be killed by silver suspended in a liquid of nanoparticle size called colloidal silver. In addition to the bacterial growths like Staph. aureaus, E. coli, E. hirae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa mentioned by Curad and Maynard, yeast, fungus and virus have all died in tests using colloidal silver. So is yeast infection a yeast? Yes. Is ringworm a fungus? Yes. Is acne caused by bacteria? Yes. Is sinusitis caused by a bacteria infection? Yes. Is silver used in infants eyes? Yes. Is silver used for burn victims? Yes. Is colloidal silver an immune system support? Yes. Will colloidal silver be the answer for bird flu? Is bird flu a virus? Viva Colloidal Silver! James Zeller is the new "Euell Gibbons" for natural supplements. For more information about [http://www.colloidalsilverworld.com] colloidal silver or his find on natural help for the [http://www.n-ergetics.com/] 50 and Over Baby Boomers. Article Source: [http://ezinearticles.com/?expert=James_Zeller ] http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=James_Zeller [http://ezinearticles.com/?Colloidal-Silver-Featured-in-the-Wall-Street-Journal&id=215081 ] http://EzineArticles.com/?Colloidal-Silver-Featured-in-the-Wall-Street-Journal&id=215081 do you need a prescription for viagra
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